Elbows: Pipe fittings used to change the direction of pipelines. All elbows have a radius of curvature R ≤ 3D, with the most commonly used being long-radius elbows (R = 1.5D) and short-radius elbows (R = 1D). Common angles are 90°, 45°, and 180°. Reducing elbows are also used occasionally (i.e., connecting to a different diameter pipe while changing the pipeline direction). They are classified by connection type as: weld neck elbows, socket elbows, and threaded elbows. In export trade, different materials and different countries have their own standards, as detailed below:
Material classification and applicable standards are as follows:
| Material | Standard |
| Carbon Steel | ASTM/ASME A234 WPB、WPC |
| Alloy Steel |
ASTM/ASME A234 WP1-WP12-WP11-WP22-WP5-WP9-WP91 15Mo3、 15CrMoV、35CrMoV |
| Stainless Steel |
ASTM/ASME A403 WP 304-304L-304H ASTM/ASME A403 WP 316-316L-316H ASTM/ASME A403 WP 321-321H ASTM/ASME A403 WP 347-347H |
| Low Temperature Steel | ASTM/ASME A402 WPL3-WPL6 |
| High-Performance Steel | ASTM/ASME A860 WPHY 42-46-52-60-65-70 |
The pipe fittings conform to the following standards:
Japanese Standards
American Standard
All butt-welded elbows supplied by Shengtian Group have passed third-party testing. If you have any custom elbow requirements, please send your drawings to our main email address: sale@stpipefitting.cn
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